rubbers, solvent for cellulose esters and ethers, high wet-strength resins for paper industry. Used in preparation of ion exchange resins, elastomers, solvents, and plasticizers. Manufacture of pharmaceuticals Flexible membrane liners. Consumption Patterns Epoxy resins, 65%; glycerine, 25%; epichlorohydrin elastomers, 5%; miscellaneous, 5% (1984) Apparent Color COLORLESS, MOBILE LIQ Odor ODOR IS GENERALLY PERCEIVED AS A SLIGHTLY IRRITATING CHLOROFORM-LIKE ODOR. ; Pungent, garlic; sweet Boiling Point 116.5 DEG C Melting Point -48.0 DEG C Molecular Weight 92.53 Density 1.1801 20 DEG C/4 DEG C Odor Threshold Concentration SENSORY PERCEPTION STUDIES INDICATE THAT MEAN THRESHOLD FOR ODOR RECOGNITION IS APPROX 10 PPM 25 PPM IT IS RECOGNIZED BY MAJORITY OF PERSONS. Human Odor Perception: non perception 0.2 mg/cu m; perception 0.3 mg/cu m Sensitivity Data MARKED NOSE & EYE IRRITATION OCCUR ONLY ABOVE 100 PPM. Epichlorohydrin effect on the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract may be delayed for several hours. Epichlorohydrin causes dermatitis. Inhalation of epichlorohydrin causes irritation of the eyes and throat. Environmental Impact Epichlorohydrin may be released to the atmosphere and in wastewater during its production and use in epoxy resins, glycerin manufacture, as a chemical intermediate in the manufacture of other chemicals, and other uses. If released into water it will be lost primarily by evaporation (half-life 29 hr in a typical river) and hydrolysis (half-life 8.2 days). It will neither adsorb appreciably to sediment nor bioconcentrate in fish. If spilled on land, it will evaporate and leach into the groundwater where it will hydrolyze. Biodegradation and chemical reactions with ions and reactive species may accelerate its loss in soil and water but data from field studies are lacking. In the atmosphere, epichlorohydrin will degrade by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals (est half-life 4 days). There is a lack of monitoring data for epichlorohydrin in all but occupational settings. Humans will primarily be exposed to chlorohydrin in occupational settings. Environmental Fate TERRESTRIAL FATE: If spilled on land, epichlorohydrin will evaporate into the atmosphere and leach in soil. Although data are lacking, it is probable that biodegradation and chemical degradation will occur in the soil based upon biodegradation screening studies and the
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